Physiotherapists are university-trained professionals equipped to address all physical issues. Narrow Gate Physiotherapy recognises that your issue is likely related to multiple regions and our approach addresses them all. Please see if you can find your problem region below and visit our blog for the latest information about how we approach each region.
- Hip Osteoarthritis
- Degeneration of the hip joint cartilage, leading to pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility, commonly affecting older adults.
- Hip Labral Tear
- A tear in the labrum, the ring of cartilage that surrounds the hip joint, causing pain, clicking, or locking sensations in the hip.
- Hip Bursitis (Trochanteric Bursitis)
- Inflammation of the bursa over the greater trochanter (the bony prominence on the side of the hip), leading to pain on the outside of the hip.
- Hip Impingement (Femoroacetabular Impingement – FAI)
- Abnormal contact between the femur and the acetabulum (hip socket), leading to pain and restricted movement, especially during hip flexion.
- Hip Flexor Strain
- Injury to the hip flexor muscles, often due to overuse or sudden movements, causing pain in the front of the hip or groin.
- Hip Dislocation
- Displacement of the femoral head from the acetabulum, usually due to trauma, leading to severe pain, deformity, and loss of function.
- Gluteus Medius Tendinopathy
- Degeneration or inflammation of the gluteus medius tendon, often causing pain on the outer side of the hip and weakness in hip abduction.
- Piriformis Syndrome
- Compression of the sciatic nerve by the piriformis muscle, causing pain in the buttock and down the leg, often mistaken for sciatica.
- Hip Fractures
- Breaks in the bones of the hip joint, such as the femur, commonly due to falls or trauma, particularly in older adults.
- Snapping Hip Syndrome
- A condition where a snapping sensation is felt or heard during hip movement, often due to tendons rubbing over bony structures, causing discomfort or pain.
- Iliotibial Band Syndrome (ITBS)
- Inflammation of the iliotibial band, a thick band of tissue running from the hip to the knee, leading to pain on the outer side of the hip and knee.
- Hip Adductor Strain (Groin Strain)
- Injury to the muscles that bring the legs together, often caused by sudden movements or overuse, leading to pain in the groin area.
- Avascular Necrosis of the Hip
- Death of bone tissue due to a lack of blood supply, leading to hip pain, stiffness, and potential collapse of the femoral head.
- Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH)
- A condition where the hip joint is improperly formed, leading to instability or dislocation, often diagnosed in infants but can persist into adulthood.
- Hip Pointer
- A contusion or bruise of the iliac crest (the top part of the pelvis), often due to a direct blow, causing sharp pain and tenderness.
- Hamstring Tendinopathy
- Degeneration or inflammation of the hamstring tendons where they attach to the ischial tuberosity (sit bone), leading to pain in the lower buttock and thigh.
- Osteitis Pubis
- Inflammation of the pubic symphysis, the joint at the front of the pelvis, often caused by repetitive stress, leading to groin pain.
- Stress Fractures of the Femur
- Small cracks in the femur, particularly the neck or shaft, often due to repetitive stress, causing pain in the hip or groin area.
- Hip Flexor Tendinopathy
- Chronic degeneration or inflammation of the hip flexor tendons, leading to pain in the front of the hip, especially during hip flexion.
- Post-Surgical Rehabilitation
- Recovery and rehabilitation following hip surgeries, such as total hip replacement, hip arthroscopy, or fracture fixation.
- Lumbar Strain/Sprain
- Muscle or ligament injuries in the lower back, often due to lifting heavy objects, sudden movements, or overuse.
- Lumbar Disc Herniation
- Bulging or herniation of an intervertebral disc in the lumbar spine, leading to nerve compression and symptoms such as lower back pain, sciatica, or leg numbness.
- Sciatica
- Compression or irritation of the sciatic nerve, causing pain, numbness, or weakness that radiates from the lower back down the leg.
- Lumbar Spondylosis
- Age-related degenerative changes in the lumbar spine, such as osteoarthritis, leading to lower back pain, stiffness, and sometimes nerve compression.
- Lumbar Stenosis
- Narrowing of the spinal canal in the lumbar spine, leading to spinal cord or nerve root compression, resulting in pain, numbness, or weakness in the lower back, buttocks, or legs.
- Facet Joint Dysfunction
- Pain and restricted movement due to issues with the small joints between the vertebrae in the lumbar spine.
- Lumbar Radiculopathy
- Compression or irritation of a nerve root in the lumbar spine, causing symptoms like lower back pain, leg pain, numbness, or weakness.
- Sacroiliac Joint Dysfunction
- Pain and instability in the sacroiliac joint, where the lower spine meets the pelvis, often causing lower back pain that may radiate into the buttocks or legs.
- Lumbar Spondylolisthesis
- A condition where one vertebra slips forward over the one below it, leading to lower back pain, stiffness, and possibly nerve compression.
- Ankylosing Spondylitis
- An inflammatory condition that primarily affects the spine, leading to pain and stiffness in the lower back and potentially causing the spine to fuse over time.
- Muscle Imbalances
- Imbalances in the muscles around the lumbar spine, often due to poor posture, lack of core strength, or repetitive strain, leading to pain and dysfunction.
- Piriformis Syndrome
- Compression of the sciatic nerve by the piriformis muscle in the buttock, causing lower back pain and sciatica-like symptoms.
- Lumbar Osteoarthritis
- Degeneration of the joints in the lumbar spine, leading to pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility.
- Chronic Lower Back Pain
- Persistent lower back pain that may be due to a combination of factors, including disc degeneration, muscle strain, and postural issues.
- Post-Surgical Rehabilitation
- Recovery and rehabilitation following lumbar spine surgeries, such as laminectomy, discectomy, or spinal fusion.
- Lumbar Compression Fractures
- Fractures in the vertebrae of the lumbar spine, often due to osteoporosis, leading to sudden lower back pain and possible spinal deformity.
- Lumbar Instability
- Excessive movement between vertebrae in the lumbar spine, often due to ligament laxity or disc degeneration, leading to pain and functional limitations.
Thoracic Spine Pain (Upper/Mid Back Pain)
- Generalized pain in the thoracic region, often due to poor posture, muscle strain, or overuse.
Thoracic Kyphosis
- Excessive curvature of the thoracic spine, leading to a rounded upper back, sometimes associated with Scheuermann’s disease.
Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
- Compression of nerves or blood vessels in the thoracic outlet, causing pain, numbness, or weakness in the upper extremities.
Thoracic Disc Herniation
- Bulging or herniation of an intervertebral disc in the thoracic spine, leading to nerve compression and pain.
Scoliosis
- Abnormal lateral curvature of the spine, which may affect the thoracic region, leading to pain and discomfort.
Rib Dysfunction
- Misalignment or dysfunction of the rib joints with the thoracic spine, causing pain and restricted movement.
Costochondritis
- Inflammation of the cartilage connecting the ribs to the sternum, leading to sharp chest pain that may be mistaken for cardiac issues.
Muscle Strains and Sprains
- Strains of the thoracic paraspinal muscles or intercostal muscles, often from overuse, lifting, or sudden movements.
Postural Dysfunction
- Poor posture, particularly prolonged forward head or rounded shoulder posture, leading to thoracic pain and stiffness.
Osteoporosis-Related Fractures
- Compression fractures in the thoracic vertebrae due to weakened bones from osteoporosis.
Thoracic Facet Joint Dysfunction
- Pain and restricted movement due to issues with the small joints between the vertebrae in the thoracic spine.
Ankylosing Spondylitis
- Inflammatory arthritis affecting the spine, leading to stiffness and pain, particularly in the thoracic region.
Thoracic Myofascial Pain Syndrome
- Chronic pain and tenderness in the muscles of the thoracic region due to trigger points or muscle tension.
Post-Surgical Rehabilitation
- Recovery and rehabilitation following thoracic spine surgery, such as spinal fusion or decompression.
Rotator Cuff Injuries
- Tendinitis: Inflammation of the rotator cuff tendons.
- Tears: Partial or complete tears of the rotator cuff tendons.
Shoulder Impingement Syndrome
- Compression of the rotator cuff tendons or bursa against the acromion, leading to pain and inflammation.
Frozen Shoulder (Adhesive Capsulitis)
- Stiffness and pain due to thickening and tightening of the shoulder capsule.
Shoulder Instability
- Can be due to dislocation or subluxation (partial dislocation), often from traumatic injury or repetitive strain.
Bursitis
- Inflammation of the bursa (a small fluid-filled sac) in the shoulder, often due to repetitive movements.
Labral Tears
- Damage to the cartilage (labrum) around the shoulder socket, commonly from trauma or overuse.
Arthritis
- Degenerative joint disease, such as osteoarthritis, affecting the shoulder joint.
Shoulder Fractures
- Breaks in the bones of the shoulder, such as the clavicle, scapula, or humerus.
Tendonitis
- Inflammation of the shoulder tendons, particularly the biceps tendon (bicipital tendinitis).
Post-Surgical Rehabilitation
- Recovery and strengthening after surgeries like rotator cuff repair, shoulder replacement, or labral repair.
Acromioclavicular (AC) Joint Sprain
- Injury to the ligaments of the AC joint, often from falls or direct impact.
Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
- Compression of nerves or blood vessels between the collarbone and first rib, leading to shoulder pain.
Cervical Strain/Sprain
- Muscle or ligament injuries in the neck, often due to overuse, poor posture, or sudden movements (e.g., whiplash).
Cervical Disc Herniation
- Bulging or herniation of an intervertebral disc in the cervical spine, leading to nerve compression and symptoms such as neck pain, arm pain, or numbness.
Cervical Radiculopathy
- Compression or irritation of a cervical nerve root, causing pain, numbness, or weakness that radiates from the neck into the arm or hand.
Cervical Spondylosis
- Age-related degenerative changes in the cervical spine, such as osteoarthritis, leading to neck pain, stiffness, and possibly nerve compression.
Cervicogenic Headaches
- Headaches originating from the cervical spine, often caused by issues with the upper cervical joints, muscles, or nerves.
Whiplash-Associated Disorders (WAD)
- A range of symptoms following a sudden neck movement, typically from a car accident, including pain, stiffness, headaches, and dizziness.
Neck Postural Dysfunction
- Pain and stiffness in the neck due to poor posture, often from prolonged sitting or using electronic devices (e.g., “text neck”).
Cervical Facet Joint Dysfunction
- Pain and restricted movement due to issues with the small joints between the vertebrae in the cervical spine.
Torticollis (Wry Neck)
- A condition where the neck muscles contract, causing the head to twist to one side, often leading to pain and limited range of motion.
Cervical Myelopathy
- Compression of the spinal cord in the cervical region, causing symptoms like neck pain, balance problems, and limb weakness, often requiring urgent attention.
Cervical Stenosis
- Narrowing of the spinal canal in the cervical spine, leading to spinal cord or nerve root compression and resulting in pain, numbness, or weakness.
Cervical Rib Syndrome
- An extra rib (cervical rib) at the base of the neck can compress nerves or blood vessels, leading to pain or other symptoms in the neck and arm.
Cervical Osteoarthritis
- Degeneration of the joints in the cervical spine, leading to pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility.
Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
- Compression of the brachial plexus or subclavian vessels, often involving the cervical spine, causing neck pain and arm symptoms.
Post-Surgical Rehabilitation
- Recovery and rehabilitation following cervical spine surgeries, such as discectomy or spinal fusion.
Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome (Runner’s Knee)
- Pain around the kneecap (patella) due to improper alignment, overuse, or weakness in the surrounding muscles.
Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Injuries
- Partial or complete tears of the ACL, commonly resulting from sports activities that involve sudden stops, changes in direction, or jumping.
Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL) Injuries
- Sprains or tears of the MCL, often caused by direct blows to the outside of the knee or twisting injuries.
Meniscal Tears
- Tears in the cartilage (meniscus) that cushions the knee joint, typically from twisting motions or heavy lifting.
Osteoarthritis of the Knee
- Degenerative joint disease leading to the breakdown of cartilage, resulting in pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility in the knee.
Patellar Tendinitis (Jumper’s Knee)
- Inflammation or irritation of the patellar tendon, often due to repetitive jumping or running.
Iliotibial Band Syndrome (ITBS)
- Inflammation of the iliotibial band, a thick band of tissue running along the outside of the thigh, causing pain on the outer side of the knee.
Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL) Injuries
- Injuries to the PCL, typically from a direct impact to the front of the knee, leading to pain and instability.
Bursitis
- Inflammation of the bursa (fluid-filled sacs) in the knee, often due to repetitive kneeling or direct impact.
Knee Osteochondritis Dissecans
- A condition where a piece of bone and its overlying cartilage detach from the end of a bone, leading to pain, swelling, and locking of the knee joint.
Baker’s Cyst
- A fluid-filled cyst behind the knee that can cause swelling and discomfort, often associated with knee joint problems like arthritis or a meniscal tear.
Knee Ligament Sprains
- Sprains of any of the knee ligaments (ACL, PCL, MCL, LCL), leading to pain, swelling, and instability in the knee.
Quadriceps Tendinitis
- Inflammation of the quadriceps tendon, which attaches the quadriceps muscle to the kneecap, often from overuse.
Patellar Dislocation or Subluxation
- When the kneecap (patella) moves out of its normal position, often due to trauma or anatomical abnormalities, causing pain and instability.
Chondromalacia Patellae
- Softening and deterioration of the cartilage on the underside of the patella, leading to pain, especially when climbing stairs or sitting for prolonged periods.
Osgood-Schlatter Disease
- A condition commonly seen in adolescents, where repetitive stress causes inflammation of the patellar tendon at the tibial tuberosity (the bump below the knee).
Knee Fractures
- Breaks in the bones of the knee joint, such as the patella, tibia, or femur, usually due to trauma.
Patellar Tracking Disorder
- Improper alignment of the patella as it moves through the femoral groove during knee motion, leading to pain and instability.
Knee Tendon or Ligament Ruptures
- Complete tears of the tendons or ligaments in the knee, requiring surgery and extensive rehabilitation.
Post-Surgical Rehabilitation
- Recovery and rehabilitation following knee surgeries, such as ACL reconstruction, meniscectomy, or total knee replacement.
Ankle Sprains
- Injuries to the ligaments that support the ankle, typically caused by twisting or rolling the ankle. The lateral ligaments are most commonly affected.
Achilles Tendinitis
- Inflammation of the Achilles tendon, often due to overuse or repetitive strain, leading to pain and stiffness at the back of the ankle.
Achilles Tendon Rupture
- A complete tear of the Achilles tendon, often resulting from a sudden, forceful push-off, leading to severe pain and difficulty walking.
Plantar Fasciitis
- Inflammation of the plantar fascia, a thick band of tissue that runs along the bottom of the foot, causing heel pain that can affect the ankle.
Ankle Fractures
- Breaks in one or more of the bones that make up the ankle joint (tibia, fibula, or talus), typically due to trauma or a fall.
Ankle Instability
- Chronic instability or repeated giving way of the ankle, often following repeated sprains or ligament damage.
Peroneal Tendonitis
- Inflammation of the peroneal tendons, which run along the outside of the ankle, often due to overuse or ankle instability.
Posterior Tibial Tendon Dysfunction (PTTD)
- A condition where the posterior tibial tendon, which supports the arch of the foot, becomes inflamed or torn, leading to pain and flatfoot.
Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome
- Compression of the tibial nerve as it passes through the tarsal tunnel near the ankle, causing pain, numbness, or tingling in the foot and ankle.
Ankle Osteoarthritis
- Degeneration of the cartilage in the ankle joint, leading to pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility, often following previous injuries.
High Ankle Sprain (Syndesmotic Sprain)
- Injury to the ligaments that connect the tibia and fibula above the ankle joint, typically caused by twisting or rotational forces.
Anterior Ankle Impingement
- Pain at the front of the ankle due to pinching of soft tissues during dorsiflexion, often seen in athletes like soccer players or dancers.
Posterior Ankle Impingement
- Pain at the back of the ankle, often caused by compression of soft tissues or bone spurs, commonly seen in ballet dancers.
Sinus Tarsi Syndrome
- Pain and instability in the sinus tarsi, a small cavity on the outside of the ankle, often following an ankle sprain.
Flatfoot (Pes Planus)
- A condition where the arches of the foot collapse, leading to a flat appearance of the foot and often causing ankle pain or dysfunction.
Ankle Synovitis
- Inflammation of the synovial membrane in the ankle joint, leading to pain, swelling, and stiffness, often due to overuse or arthritis.
Stress Fractures
- Small cracks in the bones of the foot or ankle, commonly due to overuse, particularly in runners or athletes involved in high-impact sports.
Morton’s Neuroma
- A thickening of tissue around a nerve leading to the toes, causing pain in the ball of the foot that can radiate towards the ankle.
Cuboid Syndrome
- Dislocation or subluxation of the cuboid bone, causing pain on the outside of the foot and ankle, often after an ankle sprain.
Post-Surgical Rehabilitation
- Recovery and rehabilitation following ankle surgeries, such as ligament repair, ankle fusion, or fracture fixation.
Pelvic Floor Dysfunction
- Weakness, tightness, or incoordination of the pelvic floor muscles, leading to issues such as urinary incontinence, pelvic pain, and sexual dysfunction.
Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome (CPPS)
- Persistent pain in the pelvic region, often without a clear cause, potentially affecting the bladder, prostate, and muscles, leading to discomfort and urinary symptoms.
Prostatitis
- Inflammation of the prostate gland, which can cause pelvic pain, urinary issues, and sexual dysfunction, often requiring pelvic floor therapy for symptom management.
Post-Prostatectomy Rehabilitation
- Recovery following prostate surgery (e.g., for prostate cancer), focusing on restoring urinary continence, pelvic floor strength, and sexual function.
Urinary Incontinence
- Involuntary leakage of urine, commonly stress incontinence or urge incontinence, often managed with pelvic floor exercises and bladder training.
Erectile Dysfunction
- Difficulty achieving or maintaining an erection, which can be related to pelvic floor muscle dysfunction or circulatory issues, often treated with targeted exercises and lifestyle modifications.
Peyronie’s Disease
- A condition where scar tissue forms inside the penis, causing it to bend or curve, leading to pain and difficulty with erections, potentially managed with physiotherapy techniques.
Post-Orchiectomy Rehabilitation
- Rehabilitation following surgical removal of one or both testicles (orchiectomy), focusing on recovery of function and addressing any associated pelvic floor issues.
Scrotal and Testicular Pain
- Chronic or acute pain in the scrotum or testicles, potentially linked to pelvic floor dysfunction, nerve irritation, or musculoskeletal issues.
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)
- Non-cancerous enlargement of the prostate gland, leading to urinary symptoms such as difficulty starting urination, weak stream, and frequent urination, often managed alongside medical treatment.
Diastasis Recti
- Separation of the abdominal muscles, which can occur in men due to weight gain, improper exercise, or surgery, often treated with core strengthening exercises.
Rectal Pain
- Pain in the rectal area, which can be related to pelvic floor dysfunction, hemorrhoids, or anal fissures, and may be managed with pelvic floor therapy.
Urinary Frequency and Urgency
- Frequent need to urinate or a strong, sudden urge to urinate, often associated with overactive bladder or pelvic floor dysfunction.
Faecal Incontinence
- Involuntary loss of stool, which can be due to pelvic floor weakness or neurological conditions, often managed with pelvic floor exercises and bowel management strategies.
Male Sexual Dysfunction
- Issues such as premature ejaculation, delayed ejaculation, or pelvic pain during intercourse, potentially related to pelvic floor muscle dysfunction.
Pudendal Neuralgia
- Irritation or entrapment of the pudendal nerve, leading to pain in the genital and perineal area, often treated with nerve mobilization and pelvic floor relaxation techniques.
Post-Abdominal Surgery Rehabilitation
- Recovery following surgeries such as hernia repair, focusing on restoring abdominal strength, pelvic floor function, and overall mobility.
Constipation and Bowel Dysfunction
- Chronic constipation or bowel movement difficulties, which can be related to pelvic floor dysfunction or poor coordination of the muscles involved in defecation.
Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome
- Chronic bladder pain and urinary urgency without an infection, often managed with pelvic floor therapy and bladder retraining.
Groin Pain
- Chronic or acute pain in the groin area, which can be related to pelvic floor dysfunction, sports injuries, or nerve irritation, and often requires targeted physiotherapy.
Lateral Epicondylitis (Tennis Elbow)
- Inflammation or degeneration of the tendons on the outer side of the elbow, typically due to overuse of the forearm muscles, leading to pain and tenderness.
Medial Epicondylitis (Golfer’s Elbow)
- Inflammation or degeneration of the tendons on the inner side of the elbow, often caused by repetitive wrist and forearm movements, leading to pain and tenderness.
Elbow Bursitis (Olecranon Bursitis)
- Inflammation of the bursa (a small fluid-filled sac) at the tip of the elbow, often due to repetitive pressure, trauma, or infection, leading to swelling and pain.
Cubital Tunnel Syndrome
- Compression or irritation of the ulnar nerve as it passes through the cubital tunnel on the inner side of the elbow, causing pain, numbness, or tingling in the forearm and hand.
Elbow Fractures
- Breaks in one or more of the bones that form the elbow joint (humerus, radius, or ulna), often due to trauma or falls, leading to pain, swelling, and loss of function.
Distal Biceps Tendon Rupture
- A complete tear of the distal biceps tendon, typically resulting from a sudden, forceful contraction, leading to pain, swelling, and weakness in elbow flexion.
Radial Tunnel Syndrome
- Compression of the radial nerve in the forearm, causing pain on the outer side of the elbow, often mistaken for tennis elbow.
Elbow Osteoarthritis
- Degenerative joint disease affecting the elbow, leading to pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility, often as a result of aging or previous injuries.
Elbow Dislocation
- Displacement of one or more bones in the elbow joint, often due to trauma, leading to severe pain, deformity, and loss of movement.
Ulnar Collateral Ligament (UCL) Injury
- Sprain or tear of the UCL, often seen in overhead athletes like baseball pitchers, leading to pain and instability on the inner side of the elbow.
Triceps Tendinitis
- Inflammation of the triceps tendon at the back of the elbow, usually due to overuse or repetitive strain, leading to pain and weakness.
Little League Elbow
- A condition in young athletes involving inflammation or injury to the growth plates on the inner side of the elbow, caused by repetitive throwing motions.
Posterior Impingement Syndrome
- Pain at the back of the elbow due to the pinching of soft tissues, often seen in athletes who frequently hyperextend their elbows, such as gymnasts or throwers.
Osteochondritis Dissecans (OCD)
- A condition where a fragment of bone and cartilage separates from the elbow joint surface, leading to pain, swelling, and potential joint locking.
Elbow Tendinopathies
- Chronic degeneration of the tendons around the elbow, often due to overuse, leading to pain, stiffness, and reduced strength.
Posterolateral Rotatory Instability (PLRI)
- A condition where the elbow feels unstable during rotational movements, often following trauma or ligament injuries.
Valgus Extension Overload Syndrome
- Pain on the inner side of the elbow due to repetitive stress and hyperextension, commonly seen in throwers.
Olecranon Stress Fracture
- A stress fracture of the olecranon (the bony prominence of the elbow), often seen in athletes who engage in repetitive pushing or throwing activities.
Nursemaid’s Elbow (Pulled Elbow)
- A common pediatric injury where the radial head subluxes from its normal position, leading to pain and inability to move the arm.
Post-Surgical Rehabilitation
- Recovery and rehabilitation following elbow surgeries, such as tendon repairs, fracture fixation, or ligament reconstruction.
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
- Compression of the median nerve as it passes through the carpal tunnel in the wrist, leading to numbness, tingling, and weakness in the hand and fingers.
De Quervain’s Tenosynovitis
- Inflammation of the tendons on the thumb side of the wrist, causing pain and swelling, particularly when making a fist or grasping objects.
Trigger Finger (Stenosing Tenosynovitis)
- A condition where a finger or thumb gets stuck in a bent position and then snaps straight, due to inflammation or thickening of the tendon sheath.
Dupuytren’s Contracture
- A condition where the fascia in the palm thickens, leading to the fingers being pulled into a bent position, usually affecting the ring and little fingers.
Thumb Osteoarthritis (Basal Joint Arthritis)
- Degeneration of the joint at the base of the thumb, leading to pain, swelling, and difficulty with gripping and pinching movements.
Wrist Sprains
- Injuries to the ligaments of the wrist, often due to a fall on an outstretched hand, leading to pain, swelling, and reduced range of motion.
Hand Fractures
- Breaks in the bones of the hand, such as the metacarpals or phalanges, typically due to trauma, leading to pain, swelling, and difficulty moving the hand.
Rheumatoid Arthritis
- An autoimmune condition causing inflammation in the joints of the hand, leading to pain, swelling, stiffness, and deformity over time.
Mallet Finger
- An injury to the extensor tendon at the tip of the finger, causing the fingertip to droop and preventing it from straightening fully.
Boutonniere Deformity
- A deformity where the middle joint of the finger bends downward while the fingertip bends upward, often due to trauma or rheumatoid arthritis.
Flexor Tendon Injuries
- Injuries to the flexor tendons that allow the fingers to bend, often due to lacerations or forceful stretching, leading to pain and inability to bend the finger.
Extensor Tendon Injuries
- Injuries to the extensor tendons on the back of the hand that straighten the fingers, often due to cuts or trauma, leading to difficulty extending the fingers.
Hand Osteoarthritis
- Degenerative joint disease affecting the joints in the hand, leading to pain, stiffness, and reduced function, particularly in the fingers.
Scaphoid Fracture
- A break in the scaphoid bone, one of the small bones in the wrist, often due to a fall on an outstretched hand, leading to pain and tenderness in the wrist.
Ganglion Cysts
- Non-cancerous lumps that develop along the tendons or joints of the hand or wrist, causing pain or discomfort, especially with movement.
Raynaud’s Phenomenon
- A condition where the blood vessels in the fingers and toes constrict excessively in response to cold or stress, leading to color changes, numbness, and pain.
Ulnar Nerve Entrapment (Guyon’s Canal Syndrome)
- Compression of the ulnar nerve as it passes through the Guyon’s canal in the wrist, leading to numbness, tingling, and weakness in the ring and little fingers.
Fractures of the Phalanges (Finger Bones)
- Breaks in the bones of the fingers, typically due to trauma, leading to pain, swelling, and difficulty moving the affected finger.
Jersey Finger
- A flexor tendon injury where the tendon is torn from the bone, often occurring when grabbing a jersey or object that pulls the finger forcefully, leading to an inability to bend the fingertip.
Post-Surgical Rehabilitation
- Recovery and rehabilitation following hand surgeries, such as tendon repairs, fracture fixation, or carpal tunnel release.